Most modern hand grinders for larger lathe machines are equipped with computer numerical controls (CNC) which allows for fine tuning of the grinding wheels. CNC is a programmable computer system that operates the machine automatically, ranging from very basic operations like alignment and side profile grinding to complex tasks such as cutting concentric circles in objects. Although some CNC grinding machines are linked directly to the lathe itself, other machines communicate with the CNC to determine the next operation. Modern CNC grinders can work with either electrical or hydraulic power supplies.

One popular alternative to CNC high-quality grinders is the use of surface grinders. This type of machine produces similar results as CNC, but it uses a mechanical process instead of the CNC option. With surface grinders, the work piece is placed in a pan where the surface grinders move across. Because the work piece moves underneath the grinding process, there is typically no need for a lubricant. In addition, the operator can control the speed and angle of the grinding process for a high-quality result.

High-quality, precision grinding machines are typically coupled with a robotic arm, referred to as a robotic bar-end or robotic blade. This arm can perform a variety of functions, including long-term, one-shot grinding and a variety of surface finishes. Typically, this robot is controlled from a central command station, usually attached to the machine. Some bar-end machines feature a data drawer or dial for programming the CNC.

Another primary function of these machines is to run the CNC with the assistance of a computer. In most CNC applications, the computer is used to program the machine's operation. These computers determine the speed and direction in which the abrasives need to be moved. The computer is also used to program the number of passes to finish the material; the machine is then instructed on how many rotations it should complete the grinding process. Many machines have on-board computer systems that allow for different programs to be stored on memory chips and reloaded whenever necessary.
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